Azure PostgreSQL - Single or Flexible Database

Rotating Admin/Regular Azure PostgreSQL Single or Flexible Database Users with Keeper

Overview

In this guide, you'll learn how to rotate passwords for Azure PostgreSQL Database Users and Admin accounts on your Azure environment using Keeper Rotation. Azure PostgreSQL is an Azure managed resource where the PostgreSQL Admin Credentials are defined in the PAM Database record type and the configurations of the PostgreSQL Users are defined in the PAM User record type.

For Azure Managed PostgreSQL database, the Azure SDK will be used to rotate the password of Database Admin Accounts. To rotate the passwords of Regular Database Users, Keeper connects to the DB instance with the provided admin credentials and executes the necessary SQL statements to change the password. For a high-level overview on the rotation process in the Azure network, visit this page.

Prerequisites

This guide assumes the following tasks have already taken place:

  • Keeper Secrets Manager is enabled for your enterprise and your role

  • Keeper Rotation is enabled for your role

  • A Keeper Secrets Manager application has been created

  • A Keeper Rotation gateway is already installed, running, and is able to communicate with your Azure PostgreSQL Server Database

  • Your Azure environment is configured per our document

1. Set up a PAM Database Record

The PAM Database record contains the admin credentials and necessary configurations to connect to the PostgreSQL Server on Azure. Keeper Rotation will use these provided configurations to rotate passwords of regular database user accounts in the Azure PostgreSQL Server instance. These provided admin credentials need to also have sufficient database permissions to successfully change the credentials of the database user accounts.

The following table lists all the required fields on the PAM Database Record:

FieldDescription

Title

Keeper record title Ex: Azure PostgreSQL Admin

Hostname or IP Address

The Database Server name i.e testdb-psql.postgresql.database.azure.com

Port

For default ports, see port mapping i.e. 5432

Use SSL

Check to perform SSL verification before connecting, if your database has SSL configured

Login

Admin account username that will perform rotation. If the Admin account in the DB user table is in a Host other than %, add the Host value to the user name as USERNAME@HOST

Password

Admin account password

Connect Database

Optional database that will be used when connecting to the database server. For example, PostgreSQL requires a database and so this will default to template1.

Database ID

Name of the Azure Database Server i.e. testdb-psql

Database Type

postgresql or postgresql-flexible

Provider Group

Azure Resource group name

Provider Region

Azure Resource region i.e. East US

Note: Adding Provider Group, Provider Region, and Database ID will enable managing the PAM Database Record through the Azure SDK.

This PAM Database Record with the admin credential needs to be in a shared folder that is shared to the KSM application created in the pre-requisites. Only the KSM application needs access to this privileged account, it does not need to be shared with any users.

2. Set up PAM Configuration

If you already have a PAM Configuration for your Azure environment, you can simply add the additional Resource Credentials required for rotating machine users to the existing PAM Configuration.

If you are creating a new PAM Configuration, login to the Keeper Vault and select "Secrets Manager", then select the "PAM Configurations" tab, and click on "New Configuration". The following table lists all the required fields on the PAM Configuration Record:

FieldDescription

Title

Configuration name, example: Azure DB Configuration

Environment

Select: Azure Network

Gateway

Select the Gateway that is configured on the Keeper Secrets Manager application and has network access to your Azure PostgreSQL database from the pre-requisites

Application Folder

Select the Shared folder that contains the PAM Database record in Step 1

Admin Credentials Record

Select the PAM Database record created in Step 1 This is the record with the admin credentials and sufficient permissions to rotate the directory user account's credentials

Azure ID

A unique ID for this instance of Azure. This is for your reference and can be anything, but its recommended to be kept short Ex: Azure-Prod

Client ID

The unique Application (client) ID assigned to your app by Azure AD when the application was registered

Client Secret

The client credentials secret for the Azure application

Subscription ID

The UUID that identifies your subscription (i.e. Pay-As-You-GO) to use Azure services.

Tenant ID

The UUID of the Azure Active Directory

For more details on all the configurable fields in the PAM Network Configuration record, visit this page.

3. Set up one or more PAM User records

Keeper Rotation will use the credentials in the PAM Database record to rotate the PAM User records on your Azure environment. The PAM User credential needs to be in a shared folder that is shared to the KSM application created in the prerequisites.

The following table lists all the required fields on the PAM User record:

FieldDescription

Title

Keeper record title i.e. Azure PostgreSQL User1

Login

Case sensitive username of the account being rotated. If the user in the DB user table is in a Host other than %, add the Host value to the user name as USERNAME@SERVERNAME

Password

Account password is optional, rotation will set one if blank

Connect Database

Optional database that will be used when connecting to the database server. For example: PostgreSQL requires a database and so this will default to template1

4. Configure Rotation on the Record - Azure PostgreSQL User

Select the PAM User record(s) from Step 3, edit the record and open the "Password Rotation Settings".

  • Select the desired schedule and password complexity.

  • The "Rotation Settings" should use the PAM Configuration setup previously.

  • The "Resource Credential" field should select the PAM Database credential setup from Step 1.

  • Upon saving, the rotation button will be enabled and available to rotate on demand, or via the selected schedule.

Any user with edit rights to a PAM User record has the ability to setup rotation for that record.

If the desired Admin Credential is not showing in the rotation settings screen, go to Secrets Manager > PAM Configuration > and add the necessary resource credentials.

5. Configure Rotation on the Record - Azure PostgreSQL Admin

Select the PAM Database record from Step 1, edit the record and open the "Password Rotation Settings".

  • Select the desired schedule and password complexity.

  • The "Rotation Settings" should use the PAM Configuration setup previously.

  • The "Resource Credential" field should select the PAM Database credential setup from Step 1.

  • Upon saving, the rotation button will be enabled and available to rotate on demand, or via the selected schedule.

If the desired Admin Credential is not showing in the rotation settings screen, go to Secrets Manager > PAM Configuration > and add the necessary resource credentials.

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